Shining

The Railways first used glass tumblers to serve tea in trains which were replaced by kulhad and disposable plastic cups . Now they are using paper cups. Why glass tumblers are used previously ? Tumbler is made up of Costly material which is environment friendly and biodegradable. What are the disadvantages of using kulhad? The disadvantages are: It almost removed the top soil due to extensive production. Not comfortable to drink tea. Make pollution. What are the disadvantages of using disposable plastic cups? Plastic is non biodegradable material. Plastic does not mix with soil. Plastic release carbon monoxide into Air which cause to melt of ice in North Pole and South Pole starts melting. Burning of plastic release carbon dioxide in air which cause declination of ozone layer. Cause pollution. Can kulhad be reused? Kulhad can't be reused and they are made by firing kiln which is inherently hygienic. What is the advantage of paper cup? Paper cup are biodegradable material. It is ec

Till now, there was a myth among people that biology is studied by medical students only to crack Neet and other medical exams. But the fact is  biology is also important subject for engineering students. WHY DOES AN ENGINEER NEED ANY KNOWLEDGE OF BIOLOGY? Due to nature of Engineering problem solving requires the knowledge of structures and functions to create artificial ones in a Biology related project or job. With the the upcoming focus in the future on nanotechnology bioelectronics and smart electronic systems an underlying understanding of Biology will be fundamental to the development of these new systems for all engineering majors.  For example- In signal processing, there are emulation of neural networks.  In ultrasound imaging, MRI imaging etc. Aspects of human vision are used in coloured science, image processing and video coding. Engineering is involved in DNA sequencing and other gene related analysis and processing. 

PLAGUE  Bubonic plague is a deadly flea-borne diseases which is caused by  entero bacteria Yersinia pestis. Primarily, spread by fleas that lived on the black rat (an animal that originated in South Asia) and spread to Europe by the sixth century. Symptoms:   swelling of lymph node accompanied by a high fever and within 4 to 7 days of infection more than half of the victims would die. The first outbreak of plague occur in China spread in two countries around the Indian Ocean Red Sea and Mediterranean. MEASLES  Highly contagious airborne virus spread by contact with oral and nasal  fluids. Incubation period is 4 to 12 days. Symptoms - runny nose, cough, red eyes, extreme high fever and  rashes. Measles is an endemic disease means it is present in a community. In 1529 outbreak in Mexico killed two third of the population . in 1963 ,vaccine decline the number of reported occurrences by 98%.

WHAT  ARE  VIRUSES ?  Viruses are microscopic parasites generally much smaller than bacteria. They lack the capacity to thrive and reproduce outside of a host body. Viruses are said to be so so small that 500 million rhinoviruses( which cause the common cold ) could fit onto the head of a pin. They are unique because they are only alive and able to multiply inside the cells of other living things. Viruses can infect all type of life forms from animal and plants to microorganisms including bacteria and archaea. 

WHAT IS HEALTH ? Unfortunately health has been misconstrued in our society mis represented by the media and wrapped to be used synonymously with things like thinness or physical strength. "HE WHO HAS HEALTH HAS HOPE , AND HE WHO HAS HOPE HAS EVERYTHING. " The Constitution of the World Health Organization which came into force on April 7,1948,defined health as A state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely an absence of disease. Today, three definitions of health seem to be possible and are used. Health is the absence of any disease or impairment. Health is a state that allows the individual to adequately cope with all demands of the daily life( implying also the absence of of disease and impairment.) Health is a state of balance and equilibrium that an individual has established within himself and between his social and physical environment. If health is defined as the absence of disease the medical profession is the one that can declare an indiv